“The Tell Tale Heart” and “The Black Cat”

Kaleb Clem Mrs. Winslow English II Honors 31 October 2012 â€Å"The Tell-Tale Hearts† – â€Å"The Black Cat† Comparison â€Å"The Tell-Tale Hearts† and â€Å"The Black Cat† are two stories that share more similarities than differences. The plots both start out the same with a main character whose actions throughout the story makes apparent to the reader his insanity and have to deal with the internal and external dilemmas that are caused by the evil deeds, which both happen to be involved with murder, due to the unstable state of the man’s conscience.The two stories have settings that are both strikingly similar. Both stories have a gothic, mysteriously dark setting. And both stories are set within the narrator and the main character’s home; however, â€Å"The Black Cat† had more than one setting. In â€Å"The Black Cat† the main character’s house is burned down and so he is forced to get a new one. More details ar e given about this house than his earlier house or the home in â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart. † We are told that the house is old, unlike the first one, and not what he and the wife are used to.The story also tells about the cellar, being such an important setting the narrator tells us that the psychological confinement is increased and taping that gets into our deepest fears concerning home and life. The characters from â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Black Cat† we see that for the most part, the stories are unbelievably alike. Both stories feature a man who is undoubtedly considered insane by the end of the story and who is the main character and policemen investigate under suspicion of murder. The Tell-Tale Heart† also has a neighbor who plays a small role in the story and The Black Cat contains the man’s wife, Pluto, and the second cat. The plot is almost exactly the same in both stories. Both stories feature a man who claims to be sane in the beginning although he proves to be otherwise later. The insanity in both characters differs. In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† the man just seems to have a mental condition of sorts. In The Black Cat,† however, the main character is a raging alcoholic, which seems to be the main cause for his abnormal and malevolent behavior, like when he cut out Pluto’s eye. Pluto never did anything wrong, but the man was intoxicated. â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Black Cat† were very similar. They had almost the same plot. The settings in the stories were much in common, and both plots featured gothic elements with large houses and lack of character variety.

Accounting – Concepts and Conventions

NATURE OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT The data exhibited by financial statements are affected by a)Recorded facts b)Accounting Concepts, Conventions & Principles c)Personal Judgment 1)Recorded Facts: The term recorded facts means the data used for preparing financial statements are taken from accounting record which are facts. i. e. Cash in Hand: Actual cash is recorded Amount due from debtor: Actual to be recorded Amount due to creditor: Actual to be recorded Thus the financial statement do not disclose such facts which may be reality, which are not recorded. For ex. : L/Bldg. urchased are shown at cost price in the Accounting Books But market value which in reality may be different is not stated because it is not recorded in Books of A/c. 2)Accounting concepts & conventions & principle: The Dictionary meaning is â€Å"Fundamental truth implying uniformity of Applicability everywhere. † However when applied in Financial Statement Analysis, it gives different meaning in different conc epts & so it is rarely used as a fundamental accounting truth. Accounting Principles are those rules of Action which are adopted by the Accountant universally in recording transaction.Different professional bodies like Australian Society of Account (i. e. Institute of Chartered Accountant in Australia) The Institute of Chartered Accountant in England & Wales. The American Institute of certified public accountant have made recommendation on accounting principles in the recent year. Accounting principles have been developed over the years from experience, usage & necessity. They are judged on the General Acceptability rather than Universal Acceptability to the user of financial statement hence they are called as General Accepted Accounting Principles (G. A. A. P. )According principles can be broadly classified into two categories: A. Accounting concepts B. Accounting Conventions Accounting Principles Accounting conceptsAccounting Conventions a)Entity Concepta)Disclosure b)Going Concer n Conceptb)Materiality c)Accounting period conceptc)Consistency d)Money Measurement Conceptd)Conservatism e)Cost Concept f)Cost Attach Concept g)Dual Aspect Concept h)Accrual concept i)Periodic Matching of cost and Revenue Concept j)Realisation Concept k)Verifiable Objective Evidence Concept ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS: They are the necessary assumptions or conditions upon which accounting is based.Accounting concepts are postulates, assumptions or conditions upon which accounting is based. They are developed to convey the same meaning to all people. Some of the important concept are given as follows: 1. Entity Concept: For accounting purposes- the ‘business’ is treated as a separate entity from the proprietor (s). It may sound to be absurd that one sell goods to himself, but all transactions are recorded in the books of the business as per this point of view. This concept helps in keeping private affairs of the proprietor away from the business affairs. Thus if a proprietor in vests Rs. ,00,000/- in the business, it is deemed that the proprietor has given Rs. 1,00,000/- to the ‘business’ and it is shown as a ‘liability’ in the books of business. (because business has to ultimately repay it to the proprietor). Similarly, if the proprietor withdraws Rs. 10,000/- from the business, it is charged to him. This concept is applicable to all forms of business organizations. Although in the eyes of Law a Sole trader and his business or the partner and their business are one and the same, for accounting purposes they are regarded as separate entities. It is the ‘business’ with which we are concerned. . Going Concern Concept (Continuity of Activity): It is assumed that the business concern will continue for a fairly long time, unless and until it has entered into a state of liquidation. 3. Accounting Period Concept: Although the ‘going concern’ concept stresses the continuing nature of the business enterprise, it i s customary to divide its life into chapters known as ‘Accounting Periods. ’ An accounting period is the interval of time at the end of which the income statement and financial position statement (balance sheet) are prepared to know the result and resources of the business.Although shorter periods are frequently adopted for purposes of comparative studies, the normal accounting period is twelve months. This is because though the life of the business is considered to be indefinite, the measurement of income and studying the financial position of the business after a very long period would not help in taking timely corrective steps or to enable periodic distributions of income to proprietor (s) with reasonable safety. Therefore, it is necessary for the concern to ‘stop’ at regular intervals and ‘see back’ how it is faring. 4.Money Measurement Concept : In accounting everything is recorded in terms of money. Events or transaction which cannot be e xpressed in terms of money are not recorded in the books of accounts, even if they are very important or useful for the business. Purchase and sale of goods, payment of expenses and receipt of income are monetary transactions which find place in accounting etc. Death of an executive, resignation of a manager are the events which cannot be expressed in money and so are not to be recorded in Book’s of A/c. 5. Cost Concept (Objectivity Concept): As per cost concept: )an asset is ordinarily recorded at the price paid to acquire it i. e. at its cost, and b)this cost is the basis for all subsequent accounting for the asset. For example, if a plot of land is purchased for Rs. 1,00,000/- it is recorded in the books of at Rs. 1,00,000/- and even if its market value at the time of preparation of final accounts is Rs. 2,00,000/- or Rs. 60,000/- it will not be considered. Thus the balance sheet on a particular date does not ordinarily indicate what the asset could be sold for. The cost c oncept does not mean that the asset will always be shown at cost.It only means that cost becomes the basis for all subsequent accounting for the asset. Thus the assets recorded by the process of depreciation. Cost concept brings objectivity in the preparation and presentation of financial statements. It implies that the figures shown in the accounting records should be based on objective evidence and not on the subjective views of a person. 6. Cost-attach Concept: This concept is also known as ‘cost-merge’ concept. In order to produce an article it is necessary to purchase raw-material, process it and convert into finished article.This calls for the services of other factors of production and therefore, there are several other costs like labour cost, power and other overhead expenses. These cost have a capacity to ‘merge’ or ‘attach’ when they are brought together. Thus the proportionate raw-material costs, labour costs, and other overheads are added together to obtain product cost so as to increase the utility of cost data. 7. Dual Aspect Concept: This is the basic concept of accounting. As per this concept, every business transaction has a dual effect. 8.Accrual Concept: The accrual concept implies recording of revenues and expenses of a particular accounting period, whether they are received / paid in cash or not. Under cash system of accounting, the revenues and expenses are recorded only if they are actually received / paid in cash irrespective of the accounting period to which they belong. But under accrual method, the revenues and expenses relating to that particular accounting period only are considered. 9. Periodic Matching of Cost and Revenue Concept : This concept is based on the accounting period concept.Making profit is the most important objective that keeps the proprietor engaged in business activities. That is why most of the accountant’s time is spent in evolving techniques for measuring the profit /profitability of the concern. To ascertain the profit made during a period, it is necessary to match ‘revenues’ of the period with the ‘expenses’ of that period. Income (profit) earned by the business during a period can be measured only when the revenue earned during the period is compared with the expenditure incurred to earn that revenue. The question when the payment was made / received is irrelevant.Therefore, as per this concept adjustments are made for all outstanding expenses, prepaid expenses, accrued incomes, unearned incomes etc. 10. Realisation Concept : According to this concept profit should be accounted for only when it is actually realized. Revenue is recognized only when sale is effected or the services are rendered. Sale is considered to be made when the property in goods passes to the buyer and he is legally liable to pay. However, in order to recognize revenue, receipt of cash is not essential. Even credit sale results in realization as it creates a efinite asset called ‘Account Receivable’. However, there are certain exceptions to the concept: like in case of contract accounts, hire purchase etc. Similarly incomes like commission, interest, rent etc. are shown in Profit and Loss Account on accrual basis though they may not be realised in cash on the date of preparing accounts. 11. Verifiable Objective Evidence Concept : According to this concept all accounting transactions should be evidenced and supported by objective documents. These documents include invoices, contracts, correspondence, vouchers, bill, pass books, cheque books etc. uch supporting documents provide the basis for making accounting entries and for verification by the auditors later on. This concept also has its limitations. for example, it is difficult to verify internal allocation of costs to accounting periods. 2. ACCOUNTING CONVENTIONS: Conventions are the customs or traditions or usage which guide of accounting statements. They a re adapted to make financial statements clear and meaningful. 1. Convention of Disclosure: This means that the accounts must be honestly prepared and they must disclose all material information.The accounting reports should disclose full and fair information to the proprietors, creditors, investors and others. This conventions is specially significant in case of big business like Joint Stock Company where there is divorce between the owners and the managers. However, it does not mean that all information or information of any kind is to be included in accounting statements. The term ‘disclosure’ only implies that there must be a sufficient disclosure of informations which is of material interest to proprietors, present and potential creditors and investors. 2.Conventions of Materiality: The accountant should attach importance to material details and ignore insignificant details. If this is not done accounts will be overburdened with minute details. As per the American A ccounting Association, â€Å"an item should be regarded as material, if there is a reason to believe that knowledge of it would influence the decision of informed investor. † Therefore, keeping the convention of materiality in view, unimportant items are either left out or merged with other items. Some items are shown as foot notes like, contingent liabilities, market value of investment etc.However, an item may be material for one purpose but immaterial for another, material for one concern but immaterial for another, or material for one year but immaterial for next year. 3. Convention of Consistency: The comparison of one accounting period with the other is possible only when the convention of consistency is followed. It means accounting from one accounting period to another. For example, a company may adopt straight line method, written down value method, or any other method of providing depreciation on fixed assets. But it is expected that the company follows a particular method of depreciation consistently.Similarly, if stock is valued at ‘cost or market price whichever is less,’ this principle should be followed every year. Any change from one method to another would lead to inconsistency. However, consistency does not mean non-flexibility. It should permit introduction of improved techniques of accounting. 4. Convention of Conservatism: It refers to the policy of ‘playing safe. ’ As per this convention all prospective losses are taken into consideration but not all prospective profits. In other words ‘anticipate no profit but provide for all possible losses’.However, this convention is being criticized on the ground that it goes not only against the convention of full disclosure but also against the concept of matching costs and revenues. It encourages creation of secret reserves by making excess provision for depreciation, bad and doubtful debts etc. The Income statement shows a lower net income and the Bal ance sheet overstates the liabilities and understates the assets. The convention of conservatism should be applied cautiously so that the results reported are not distorted. Some degree of conservatism is inevitable where objective data is not available.Following are the examples of application of conservatism: a)Making provision for doubtful debts and discount on debtors. b)Not providing for discount on creditors. c)Valuing stock in trade at cost or market price whichever is less. d)Creating provision against fluctuations in the price of investments. e)Showing Joint Life Policy at surrender value and not at the paid up amount. f)Amortization of intangible asset like goodwill which has indefinite life. ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF FINANCIAL STATMENTS As stated earlier, the basic objective of financial statement is to provide information useful to the users of these statements.Different users like shareholders, investors, financial institutions, workers etc. are interested in financial sta tements with varying objectives. Generally, it is not possible for a firm to prepare these statements in such a form that may suit every interested user. However, such statements should possess at least the following essential qualities. 1. Relevance : Only these information should be disclosed in financial statements which are relevant to the objectives of the firm. The information is said to be relevant only when it influences decision of the users, while evaluating any event or correcting past evaluation.The conclusions drawn on the basis of irrelevant information would be misleading of no use. Therefore, the information irrelevant to the statements be avoided, otherwise it would be difficult to make a distinction between relevant and irrelevant information. 2. Understandability : The main objective of financial statements is to provide necessary information about the firm’s resources and performance. To fulfill this objectives, the information contained in these statement s should be clear, simple and lucid so that a person who is not well versed with the accounting terminology shall be able to understand without much difficulty.Hence, as far as possible, the form of financial statements should not be complex, and the terms used in these statements should be simple, in common language and non-technical. 3. Reliability and Accuracy : The information incorporated in financial statements should be reliable. Information has the quality of reliability when it is free from material error and bias and can be depended upon by users. Reliability charges with the nature of information contained in the subject matter. Therefore, such information should be provided whose reliability can be verified. Reliability of financial statements also depends on the accuracy of accounts.Hence, to arrive at right conclusions, accuracy of the accounts is an essential quality. To be reliable*, information must (i) carry faithful representation of transactions, (ii) should be p resented in accordance with the substance and economic reality, and (iii) must be neutral, prudent and complete. 4. Comparability : Comparison is the essence of financial statement analysis. Comparable information will reveal relatively strong and weak point. Financial statement should be prepared in such a way that current year’s progress can be compared with that of previous year and inter-firm comparison is possible.To facilitate comparison, it would be more useful to provide with the financial statement of 5 to 10 years summary of important terms such as production in quantity, net sales, net profits, dividend paid, working capital etc. 5. Completeness : The information contained in the financial statements should be complete in al respects. It must be ensured that there is no possibility of any information being incomplete or doubtful. Therefore, full disclosure should be made of all significant information in a manner that is understandable and does not mislead creditor s, investors and others users. . Timeliness : Financial statements are prepared for a definite period of time. At the end of this period, they should be ready and submit to the parties concerned. If the statements are not prepared in time, they can not be properly used and the firm cannot formulate plans for future developments. In addition to the aforesaid qualities, financial statements be prepared easily, attention of the reader is automatically drawn and directed to most significant items and required data for the calculation of different ratios are also essential qualities.As American Accounting Association, has described, â€Å"every corporate statement should be based on accounting principles which are sufficiently uniform, objective and understood to justify opinions to the condition and progress of the business enterprise behind it. † LIMITATIONS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The summary of accounts maintained by a business firm is presented in the form of financial statem ents. The amounts expressed in these statements are based on vouchers and accounting records.Hence, decisions based on these information are more true and logical. However, the conclusions drawn on the basis of these information cannot be treated as final and accurate, because there are certain limitations to the financial statements. One must, therefore, keep in view these limitations while studying the profit and loss account and balance sheet of the firm. Important and impact bearing limitations of financial statements are identified as below : 1. Lack of Precision 2. Lack of Exactness 3. Incomplete Information 4. Interim Reports . Hiding of Real Position or Window Dressing 6. Lack of Comparability 7. Historical Costs Analysis – To Analyse – to cut into pieces But only analyse – No – It means also Interpretation. Thus Financial Statement Analysis means â€Å"Analysis, comparisons and interpretation of Financial data to achieve the desired result† TOOLS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS 1. Comparative Statements 2. Common Size Statements The Essential Requirement is 3. Trend AnalysisVertical Financial Statement. 4. Ratio Analysis 5. Fund Flow Statement 6. Cash Flow Statement

Essay on Sarafina - 604 Words

Sarafina Sarafina! is the story of the struggle for freedom of non-European school children in Soweto, South Africa. The story takes place during the time of the Apartheid just before Nelson Mandela was released in 1990 and the Apartheid ended. The Apartheid was a policy of strict racial segregation and political and economic discrimination against non-whites in the Republic of South Africa (WWWebster Dictionary). Segregation and discrimination against non-whites was imposed in housing, employment, education, and public services. It was enforced with a cruelly oppressive regime that used intimidation, torture, and murder to maintain order. Sarafina! was thus an open window to what went on during the Apartheid tied into the†¦show more content†¦It was heard in their heated discussions in the classroom and around school about ways that they can gain their freedom. The childrens unity was also seen when they decided to take on the South African government themselves by fighting ba ck with the same tactics that the South African used#8212;violence. Collectivity is also seen at the end of the movie when the children performed the song and dance of Nelson Mandelas return and him leading South Africa once again. Sarafina! also changed the traditional role of women. In the film, the young girl, Sarafina, was the main character. She was outspoken, rebellious, and determined to stop the oppressive South African government at any cost. Sarafina was the one who always came up with all the ideas and did all the planning. She was the one who took matters into her own hands even when no one stood behind her. She was goal-oriented and the strong link of all the children of South Africa. There was the scene in which Sarafina anxiously requests to play Nelson Mandela in the play. When one of her male classmates states that she is a girl and that girls cannot play Nelson Mandela, Sarafina quickly proves him wrong. Then, low and behold, at the end of the movie, Saraf ina played the part of Nelson Mandela. In Sarafina!, Mrs. Masambuca (played by Whoopi Goldberg), is a roleShow MoreRelatedTypes Of Friends : Pretty Little Liars Essay977 Words   |  4 Pagesfree-spirited Aria Montgomery. Because of the similarities between our groups of friends, I was able to classify groups of friends into 4 categories, even though they may vary from group to group. My group of girlfriends consisted of Jasmine Melo, Sarafina Joseph, Joan Jean, and me. My friend Jasmine Melo is who I relate to Aria Montgomery. Aria is a very free-spirited person with much creativity that reflects in her style and personality. She has an eclectic style that reminds me so much of my friendRead MoreThe Lion King Character Analysis2250 Words   |  9 Pagesis the mother of the next heir to the Pridelands. Simba’s heir who we learn in the second film is their daughter, Kiara. Sarafina Despite only having one line of dialogue, Sarafina is remembered for supporting her daughter when Scar announces that Mufasa and Simba are dead and when she is seen with Sarabi giving Nala a bath. Best Quote: â€Å"Hm, what do you think Sarabi?† Sarafina apparently has a single line in The Lion King 2 where she praised granddaughter Kaira for how much she has grown. HoweverRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement, Woodstock, Vietnam War, And South Africa853 Words   |  4 Pagestoday, Nigeria is the eleventh largest oil producer in the world, as well as a member of OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries). But even crazier is South Africa. There’s gonna be a meeting tonight. There’s a state of emergency. (Sarafina). Life was crazy in South Africa. The system was apartheid that created this madness. Whites were ruling and would jail anyone who didn’t follow their rules. They were getting away with murder, grabbing people to interrogate, and they wouldn’t returnRead MoreThe Lion King Musical : My Character In The Lion King1047 Words   |  5 PagesSimba was born he was next in line for the throne, but Simba is next in line for the throne) So Scar encourages Simba to visit the Elephant Graveyard, Simba invites his best friend Nala to go to the elephant graveyard with him. But then Sarabi and Sarafina (Nala’s mother) ask them about the area. Simba lies to them and tells then that they are going to a waterhole. Sarabi allows them to go but she tells them that Zazu (he’s served as Mufasa’s major-domo) needs to come with them. Later on the twoRead MoreFilm Industry in CIVET Countries1271 Words   |  5 Pagesthree other South African movies have attained international recognition. These are U-Carmen e-Khayelitshu, and Yesterday and have proved the highly skilled film industry. One of the most renowned South African actresses is Leleti Khumalo of the Sarafina blockbuster (Bruyn Bain, 2011, pg 36). References Logan S. 2008 Asian Communication Handbook. Jarkata, Indonesia: AMIC Heider, G. K. 1991 Indonesia Cinema: National culture on screen. Hawaii, USA: University of Hawaii Press Ciecko, A. T.Read MoreSouth Afric Looking Beyond Apartheid1861 Words   |  8 Pagesto any other race. A typical view of Apartheid depicts all of the conflict as black vs. white. This is a rational thought process, because the white police murdered countless numbers of indigenous South Africans during Apartheid. During the movie Sarafina, the main character Sarafina’s school is occupied by armed white soldiers, despite the fact that the only other people there are unarmed students, teachers, and administration. In the novel The Power of One, a guard beats an elderly black prisonerRead MoreWhat makes a good school?2239 Words   |  9 Pagesneeds to make sure that the school is well maintained and is clean, as well. One example of an administration failing to do this, although it probably has more to do with lack of funding, comes again from the letter, Postcards from America, where Sarafina, the daughter of migrant workers in California, attends school at a school where there are no seats on the toilet and not enough paper in the bathroom to clean yourself. Sometimes, it is jus t the small things like this that can cause a school toRead MoreSouth Africa and the AIDS Crisis2160 Words   |  9 PagesLiving People with HIV and AIDS in Cape Town, which promoted the South African involvement with the international community (over 84 countries attended) in fighting the pandemic. In August the Department of Health spent R14.27 million on the play Sarafina II; the money was given to South Africa from the European Union to help fight HIV/AIDS. The play was designed to educate the public, particularly youth, about the disease, except activists believed the script was inappropriate and unclear, as well

The Chronicles of College Research Essay Topics

The Chronicles of College Research Essay Topics The ideal thing about an argumentative essay which contains social issues is you may describe your own personal experience on the case of the real-life case. Among the most prevalent issues in our world today is the matter of deforestation. To the contrary, it can likewise be quite interesting to work on only in case you have good topic in your hands since it is thought of as the backbone of an evaluative essay. Figuratively, it's truth because your intent is to be rewarded with higher mark. Your attitude to the topic may well decide on the amount of work and enthusiasm that you put into your research. The experiment will test whether or not a person could keep giving electric shocks to a different individual simply because they are told to achieve that. You're lucky if you're given one or can select from the list, but usually you get into sink or swim situation when you ought to receive a subject for your research all on your own. Use the chance of a research to study something you're interested in. Want to Know More About College Research Essay Topics? The essay is a chance for students to inform their personal stories and attempt to stick out from the remainder of the crowd. Realistic purpose of a research Students are excessively ambitious sometimes and choose topics that couldn't be easily researched. College students are anticipated to deliver premium quality research papers that satisfy strict requirement as to contents and form. Writing custom research papers can be an arduous undertaking to several students as it involves several measures and take a lot of commitment. So, the one thing you need to do is merely to organize information you've found and texts you have written for your research. If you're finding it challenging to acquire topics for your customized research papers you may log on to the world wide web and view thousand of topics and decide on a suitable one from there. It is difficult to locate a terrific website with free examples of argumentative papers and inexpensive customized essays. With our custom made essay offer, you can be guaranteed to get any sort of essay help you're looking for. Now, once you should have gotten all the points, you should write something which resembles the major paper in some manner. Provided that you've got the key points clearly stated, you shouldn't have any issue giving a speech! You are able to say several things about this issue, but everything you say will be at an incredibly basic or survey level. If you're not interested in a topic your self, you might not have the ability to help it become interesting for the readers to experience all of your article. The Key to Successful College Research Essay Topics Easy expository essays are essays where you're anticipated to work on facts instead of opinions. Explain briefly the key points you intend to cover in your paper and why readers ought to be interested in your topic. It is extremely easy to discover such a topic and also write this kind of essay as long as you observe a few essential rules. It's possible you will select one broad topic, but it's difficult to address a wide topic in research essay writing. A Secret Weapon for College Research Essay Topics In any case, it's fantastic to have your very own professional regions of research it can help you in your future academic or professional career. Generally, social science research, a scientific research, applies similar research methodologies the very same as other kinds of research like marketing research that is inherent with both quantitative strategy and qualitative strategy, clinical research that's emphasized on specific areas like pharmaceutical, chemical, health care research, and so forth. 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Lies You've Been Told About College Research Essay Topics Needless to say, deciding upon the suitable topic for your research paper is the very first and most important step on the best way to writing the paper itself. Making the thesis of the research essay will aid in the research practice. You might also want to suggest more research or comment on things that it wasn't possible that you discuss in the paper. Our customized research papers are also rather original and plagiarism free. Who Else Wants to Learn About College Research Essay Topics? You may use the following methods to turn into a better article writer. Basically, it's dependent upon this issue in which you might identify what things to present in each individual part segment. The topic should likewise not be too narrow it would bring difficulties in receiving conte nt to fill up the desired length of your custom made research papers. For instance, your topic is all about a science experiment. 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Mgt/437 Project Management - 993 Words

Project Management Paper University of Phoenix MGT/437 - Project Management Facilitator: Derrick J. Walters July 19, 2010 Abstract In this paper, I, a student of University of Phoenix will explain and discuss project management. I will address three main points. I will first answer what is a project. Secondly, I will discuss what are the basic phases of the project lifecycle and their purpose. Finally, I will explain why it s important for organizations to use project management to accomplish tasks. Table of Context Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 4 Project†¦show more content†¦It includes a risk analysis and a definition of a criteria for the successful completion of each deliverable and uses Business Plan and Milestones Reviews to keep track of the phase. During the third phase, execution, the project plan is executed to solve the problem specified in the project s requirements. Risk Analysis and Score Cards, in addition to Business Plan and Milestones Reviews are used during the execution phase. Lastly is the closure phase, which marks the completion of the project usually with a written formal project review report. The completion of all phases can determine a project success. The success of a project includes the completion being completed within the allocated time period, within the budgeted cost. It must be completed at the proper performance/quality level with acceptance by the consumer. During this phases there should be minimum scope changes and no disturbance to the main work flow. Importance of Project Management Project management involves project planning and project monitoring. Project management is the planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of company resources for a relatively short-term objective that has been established to complete specific goals and objectives. project management utilizes the systems approach to management by having functional personnel assigned to a specific project (Kerzner, 2006). Project planning defines work requirements,Show MoreRelatedMgt/437 Project Management Week 11084 Words   |  5 PagesProject Management MGT/437 In this paper the word ‘project† is defined, discussed and elaborated on. The phases of a project lifecycle and its purpose are to be discussed, and how it is important for organizations to use project management to accomplish tasks will in conclusion be discussed thoroughly. The indisputable word ‘Project† may be defined in numerous unusual ways, some can all have the same meaning and others can mislead a reader. The definition that accurately explains what a projectRead MoreProject Management Paper-Mgt 4371100 Words   |  5 PagesProject Management Paper Manuel Angel Cortez University of Phoenix Project Management Paper Organizations leaders are facing difficult challenges because of the rapid changes in government and technology, which has created pressure in organizations. The aforementioned changes have made way for a new type of management; project management, far different from the traditional structure for managing. This document will describe the definition of a project. 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Catherine rampell free essay sample

Catherine Rampell’s â€Å"A Generation of Slackers? Not so much† starts her essay out by quoting strong and negative opinion statements made by people who believes Generation Y are lazy, dumb and etc. From the beginning of her essay Rampell had used a Tone that set out to make readers believe like she was attacking Generation Y but ironically transition the tone of her work into a defense towards generation y. It proves her defense by quoting evidence to support her views of Generation Y (â€Å"Today’s young people are very focused on trying to work hard and to get ahead†). To strengthened her opinion Rampell used flashback to remind readers that the demeanor and the behaviors of Generation Y â€Å"Are nothing new-they’ve been levied against generation x and etc. , even Aristotle and Plato were said to express similar feeling about the slacker youth of their times. † After showing evidence to how Generation Y are not lazy as they seem to be viewed as but instead hardworking and productive as well, Rampell begins to use contrast between Generation Y and Generation X at the end of the essay to support her views. We will write a custom essay sample on Catherine rampell or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One key difference between Generation Y and Generation X is technology. It is agreeably that this generation work ethic are different from the older generation because of the introduction of advance technology to us. Technology may had help boost our grade up into an easy A that still did not stop us to be productive. It was stated that between 1989 and 2006 teenagers who were volunteered doubled to 26. 4% from 13. 4%. This clearly verifies the title of the essay â€Å"A Generation of Slackers? NOT SO MUCH!

Kyoto Protocol Essay Sample free essay sample

Glaciers runing. more than a million square stat mis of perennial sea ice the size of Denmark. Sweden and Norway taken together has disappeared and the Arctic could be ice- free in 2040 ensuing to lifting sea degree and submersing bantam islands in the Pacific. These are the scenario being depicted by nrdc. org related to planetary heating ( Consequence: thaw glaciers. early ice melt ) . The nrdc. org farther said that at the current rate glaciers are runing. the Glacier National Park will merely be a dream by 2070. This is a touchable cogent evidence that truly. the world’s temperature is lifting. The latest scientific information as reported by nrdc. org confirm that earth’s clime is heating at unprecedented rate. †Global temperatures increased by about 1 degree Fahrenheit over the class of the last century. and will probably lift even more quickly in coming decennaries. The cause? A inspissating bed of C dioxide pollution and other nursery gases. We will write a custom essay sample on Kyoto Protocol Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page largely from power workss and cars. which traps heat in the atmosphere† ( nrdc. org. Consequences of Global Warming. 1st par. ) . The nrdc. org and Eilferin. J. of Washington Post warned that harmonizing to scientists. the Earth could be warmer by 7. 2 grades Fahrenheit in the twenty-first century if the CO2 emanations from firing fossil fuels will non be reduced. This rise in temperature has far reaching deductions. Sea degree will raise therefore deluging coastal countries and impacting the lives of the people. More intense heat moving ridges will merely ever be around the corner. Droughts and forest fires will be more frequent impacting agribusiness and human homes. Furthermore. disease transporting insects like mosquitoes will be more active infecting 1000000s of people. The foregoing scenarios rose concern of the United Nations to run into with developed and developing states of the Earth to hammer understandings on steps to battle this planetary heating before it will be excessively late. therefore Kyoto Protocol came into being. This paper aims to analyse the understandings made in the Kyoto Protocol in the visible radiation of socio-economic benefits the states could derive against cost considerations. 2 Question: What is the History of Kyoto Protocol? Why is Kyoto Protocol Needed? The Answers: Member states of the United Nations actively tackle the issues related to planetary environment jobs when they fist meet at the UN Conference on Human Environment in 1972 at Stockholm Sweden ( History. The Kyoto Protocol. 1st par. ) . The conference addressed the regional pollution and jobs of acerb rain in Northern Europe and attended by 113 states. The Forum realized the demand for a common attack and rule to steer the universe in the saving and public assistance of the human environment ( 1972: The Beginning†¦ ) . The following U. N. Conference was termed as â€Å"Earth Summit† ( History. 3rd par. 1st line ) and was held at Rio De Janeiro in 1992. The forum resulted to Rio Declaration and Agenda 21. an action program for the member states. UN organisation and Major Groups related to negative impacts of human activities on the environment. The Framework Convention on Climate Ch ange ( FCCC ) and Biological Diversity of the UN were established and signed by 154 states. The FCCC require UN state members to see stabilising the sum of atmospheric nursery gases while guaranting nutrient production and economic development. Furthermore. the History stated that developed states should take the enterprise in cut downing atmospheric gases since they are the biggest defilers. In add-on. the History farther stated that no specific atmospheric nursery gases decrease figure. clip frame and punishments for lawbreakers were agreed. After the Stockholm forum. two COP meetings were held in Berlin and Geneva and on the 3rd COP meeting held in Kyoto. Japan in 1997. the UN member states prepared the Kyoto Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol is needed as it holds the key on the concrete programs and committednesss of member states on their part to cut down the atmospheric nursery gases responsible for the world’s biggest job on manus and that is slaking planetary heating. 3 Question: Do you hold with the cost/benefit survey of Canada’s engagement in the Kyoto Protocol? The Answers: Cost/benefit survey of Canada’s engagement in Kyoto Protocol is an of import consideration due to the fact that it will assi st the state make up ones mind if they will put in their committedness to the Kyoto Protocol. The MacLean’s Magazine in their article entitled Kyoto Protocol Shortcomings revealed the socio-economic impact of the understanding through a group of environmental economic experts. One of them was a Danish named Bjorn Lomborg. designer of Copenhagen Consensus undertaking. â€Å"Lomborg and others have crunched the Numberss on clime alteration. and say the preoccupation with C dioxide emanations may be taking the universe down a unsafe way. Global heating is existent and it is a job. Lomborg says. But the cardinal job of the Kyoto Protocol is that it will accomplish really small at a really high cost â€Å" ( Kyoto Protocol defects. 2nd par. ) . This determination is supported by Prof. Robert Mendelsohn of Yale University. one of the most well-thought-of critics of the Kyoto Protocol. The Protocol shortcoming farther stated that Mendelsohn’s research revealed that for every ton of CO2 released. the cost of harm to the environment is about US $ 5. Canada agreed to a 6 % decrease of its C emanation below the 1990 degree in 2010 and this is approximately 270 to 300 megatonnes. The Canadian authorities projected that based from the mark. they will pass up t o $ 10 billion to cut down emanation to 240 megatonnes which is tantamount to a cost of $ 41. 66 per metric ton. This cost is eight times the sum that harmonizing to Mendelsohn’s survey is justifiable. This figure still exclude the outgos that Canadian companies have to blast out in footings of chance losingss from restricting growing to run into Canada’s committedness to the protocol. The Protocol defects besides revealed that Canada emits less than 2 % of entire planetary emanation. hence. cut downing to 6 % as committed is theoretically indefensible and proved economically unsound. 4 Question: Why U. S. A. should or should non fall in the Kyoto Protocol? The Answer: It is an recognized fact that U. S. is the most influential state in the universe. Many states praise the U. S. for its success in taking the universe both economically and politically. Knowing the grounds of this state non signing the Kyoto Protocol will lend wisdom in make up ones minding whether one’s state should fall in the bandwagon or non. The U. S. is responsible for about a one-fourth of planetary atmospheric CO2 emanation ( Buckley. 3rd par. ) and yet it is hesitating to see the Kyoto Protocol. The ground is â€Å"The USA does non swear scientific decisions of the Kyoto Protocol ideologists† ( China and India criminal Kyoto Protocol†¦ . . 1st par. . 1st line ) . Furthermore. harmonizing to Dulgar. J. . editorialist of influential Daily Nexus. the U. S. doesn’t like the fact that â€Å"The pact would merely hold required specific states to cut down their emanations. go forthing out developing states such as China and India. For the United States. it is of import that a developing state such as China. which is sing huge growing. be dealt the same economic drawbacks that the protocol would enforce on already developed nations† ( 4th par. 3rd line ) . This is besides supported by same sentiment by Antonelli and Schaffer. The editorialist added that Kyoto Protocol doesn’t maintain an equal trade playing field therefore prefering the developing states. Another ground and may be considered as the existent ground of U. S. non signing the Kyoto Protocol is the informations that they got from Global Positioning System ( GPS ) which disprove nursery gases as cause of planetary heating. â€Å"The autumn in sea degrees that they have detected clearly indicate that sea degrees fall faster than any rise due to planetary heating ( because the Earth is spread outing ) . The United States knows that our seas are withdrawing and that Global heating is caused by the Earth ain internal heat. which is increasing† ( Guy. R. The Kyoto Protocol †¦ 4th par. ) . The U. S. merely keep other economic grounds for non signing the Protocol. 5 Question: Is Kyoto Protocol excessively soft or excessively rough on China and India? What is emis sion license system? Is emission license system feasible to adhere to Kyoto Protocol? Answer: Kyoto Protocol’s intervention of China and India is an of import consideration in every bit much as they besides contribute to Global heating. Excluding China and India from subjecting nursery emanation decrease mark while necessitating other developing states to subject is excessively soft an attack by the Kyoto Protocol. This soft stance will ensue to inequality in the trade playing field and is one of the grounds of the U. S. shying off from the Kyoto Protocol. ( Kyoto Protocol comes into force. BBC News ) . Emission license system should be understood good as this is one of the ways by which a developed state can widen over their emanation cap and maximise the nursery breathing gases activities to increase the production and gross national merchandise. â€Å"In order to integrate the developing states in the Kyoto Protocol. the Clinton Administration pushed for the inclusion of the Clean Development Mechanism ( CDM ) . Under the CDM. states in the developed universe would be capable to crest on nursery gas emanations while developing states would not† ( Baker and Barret. 2nd par. ) . If a developing state success fully lowered its emanation rate. that state can offer an emanation license for sale to a developed state who wants to transcend its emanation cap. The developing state will make activities like set uping broad tree plantations which absorb atmospheric CO2. decelerate down in coal fired workss and usage of fossil fuels in exchange for a fee. The emanation license system can adhere with Kyoto Protocol as it offer chances to developing states to get needful financess for its ain development while guaranting decrease of nursery gases in the ambiance and aid look into planetary heating. 6 Question: What can we make beyond Kyoto Protocol? Answer: Kyoto Protocol’s purpose is to cut down nursery gas emanation to the ambiance by an norm of 5. 6 % from 1990 degree ( History ) . The History further said that the Protocol took consequence February 2005 and will last 2012. Since 2005. a batch of activities in different states geared on slaking planetary heating was undertaken with considerable success. â€Å"In China and India. substructure necessary to replace natural gas for coal is already being put in topographic point. And in many of the oil- bring forthing parts of the universe. the spread of international engineering is doing it possible to capture and reinject the natural gas that is frequently associated with oil. i nstead than venting or flame uping it into the ambiance. † ( Brown. J. . Developing Solutions. 3rd par. ) . Kyoto Protocol is merely the start of the solution to a pressing planetary job. Successs are being achieved by determined states and more will be coming till 2012. We should get down implementing our ain small manner of C dioxide emanation decrease that will jointly do a difference down 2012 and beyond. The private sector is good informed of planetary heating and their attempts to better dodo fuel efficiency and develop cost- effectual alternate beginnings of energy will be a flourishing concern. Governments must make inducement. better scientific attempts and hammer international cooperation to tackle the concern potency non merely until 2012 but besides beyond. Kyoto Protocol is based on novel and originative thoughts on extenuating the planetary heating. Not all states is in line with the protocol and we have documented that a separate group headed by the U. S. is hammering their ain manner on slaking planetary heating. The consequence will besides be the same as what the Kyoto Protocol embraces. If there are more cost-efficient ways of making it. so allow it be done. The most of import accomplishment of the Kyoto Protocol is the planetary consciousness that something must be done. Kyoto Protocol is certainly our first measure to salvage our ain Mother Earth. Plants Cited Antonelli. A and Schaefer. B. â€Å"Why the Kyoto Signing Signals Disregard for Congress† . 23 November 1998. Executive Memorandum # 559. The Heritage Foundation. 27 November 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. heritage. org/Research/EnergyandEnvironment/em559. cfm gt ; Brown. J. â€Å"Beyond Kyoto† . July/August 2004. Foreign Affairs. 27 November 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. foreignaffairs. org/20040701faessay83404/john-browne/beyond-kyoto. hypertext markup language Buckley. L. â€Å" Carbon Emission Reach Record High† . 2004 Earth Policy Institute. 27 November 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. earh. policy. org/Indicator/CO2/2004. htm gt ; Dulgar. J. â€Å"Ratifying Kyoto Protocol Promises Damage U. S. Economy† . 27 June 2007. Daily Nexus. 138:87. 27 November 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. dailynexus. com/article. php? a=14380 gt ; Eilperin. J. â€Å"World Temperatures Keep Rising with a Hot 2 005. The Washington Post. 13 October 2005: A01. 26 November 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. washingtonpost. com/wp- dyn/content/article/2005/10/12/AR2005101202498. hypertext markup language gt ; Guy. R. â€Å"The Kyoto Protocol What Does America Know the Real Reason Behind the U. S. Refusal to Sign the Treaty. 31 August 2006. E-Wire. 27 November 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. ewire. com/display. cfm/Wire_ID/3269 gt ; â€Å"History† . The Kyoto Protocol. 26 November 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. mtholyoke. edu/~danov20d/site/history. htm gt ; â€Å"Kyoto Protocol Comes into Force† . 16 February 2005. BBC News. 27 November 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //news. bbc. co. uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4267245. short-term memory gt ; Maich. S. â€Å"The Kyoto Protocol’s Shortcomings† . 5 December 2005. The MacLean’s Magazine. 26 November 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. thecanadianencycloped ia. com/index. cfm? PgNm=TCE A ; Params =M1ARTM0012867 gt ; Nrdc. org. 21 September 2007. â€Å" Consequences of Global Warming† . Issues: Global Warming. 26 November 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. nrdc. org/globalWarming/fcons. asp gt ; â€Å"USA. China and India criminal Kyoto Protocol and set away new clime alteration initiative† . 27 July 2005. Pravda. Ru. 27 November 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //english. pravda. ru/world/americas/29- 07-2005/8653-kyoto-0 â€Å"1972: The Beginning- The Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment† . 18 July 2003. Heindrich Boll Foundation. Johannesburg. 26 November 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. worldsummit2002. org/index. htm? hypertext transfer protocol: //www. worldsummit2002. org/- guide/stockholm. htm gt ; 7 Executive Memorandum # 559. 23 November 1998. The Heritage Foundation. 27 November 2007 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. heritage. org/Research/EnergyandEnv ironment/em559. cfm gt ;